Open loop control system
series circuit) of several subsystems: For example, one subsystem is the plant to be influenced, in fluid technology this is often a cylinder with a connected load, the second subsystem is the immediately
Mineral oils
Most commonly used form of hydraulic fluid (" oil hydraulics "). Their high level of lubricity and relatively high viscosity make it possible to use gap seals in pumps and valves and therefore choose a
Hydromechanical efficiency
assembly, M Δp = losses due to pressure difference (friction and jamming forces), M ν = losses due to fluid friction and M ρ = flow losses. These give a total loss torque M V With hydraulic pumps, this loss
Oil cooler
cooler : The oil flow passes through pipes with turbulence inserts to increase heat transfer. The fluid in these pipes flows in the opposite direction to the cooling water ( Figure O 4 ). Air-cooled oil
Filter size
atmosphere in which the system is operating, The permissible pressure drop The viscosity of the hydraulic fluid and thus its temperature at that moment For the selection of the size the figures are available from
Flow in gaps
a symmetrical velocity profile will form ( Figure S 101 a ), which is caused by adhesion of the fluid to the surface. The flow rate/pressure characteristic is described by Hagen-Poiseuille's law ( Circular
Internal gear pump
in most cases whose outer (ring gear) has teeth on the inside. The inner sprocket is smaller. The fluid is conveyed in the spaces between the gaps in the teeth of the two gear wheels. Thanks to a long contact
Flow resistance of filters
grade , the flow rate, the filter surface area and design as well as on the viscosity of the pressure fluid and therefore on its actual temperature (Figure F 13) . As the pressure drop is not linear, but instead
Safety of a system
system has to consider if he wants to avoid being held liable in the case of damage. The safe use of fluid-based systems is primarily the responsibility of the system designer. He must design the system so [...] the devices are selected, mounted and the pipes are laid such that risks which arise when hydraulic fluids are released (these grow alongside the hydraulic capacity), risks based on unintentional machine
Series circuit
resistors in the same way as the electrical engineering, the individual resistances are added together in fluid technology. The flow rate through the system is then inversely proportional to the overall resistance