Thermodynamic measuring
individual devices with the aid of temperature and pressure measurements . It uses the hydraulic fluid to carry the information and is based on energy contents and balances. It does not depend on the
Sliding ring seal
Fluid seal for rotating shafts that comprises two elements made of non-elastic materials that are pressed against each other by spring force. One element rotates with the shaft, while the other is mounted
Pressure loss
loss is the most important source of loss in hydraulic systems. It arises due to the of the pressure fluid in the pipes and the devices, and also due to mechanical friction losses (e.g. in guides or at seals)
Flow rate
Volume of fluid which flows through a cross-section in one time unit. In hydraulics the flow rate is generally stated in litres per minute (lpm). For example, filling a 10 litre water bucket at the tap
Bypass valve
Valve that is in parallel with a hydraulic unit and that permits the pressure fluid to bypass this unit under certain circumstances. Example: Pre-loaded check valve that is in the secondary flow for a
Pitot tube
the total pressure , i.e. the overall figure for the static and dynamic pressure associated with a fluid flowing at a subsonic rate. The pitot tube consists of a tube at a 90° angle, whose arm lies parallel
Hydraulic accumulator
Accumulator which stores a fluid under pressure and is therefore able to release hydraulic energy. Pressurisation is mainly based on gas pressure (air, nitrogen, " hydropneumatic accumulator ") and, more [...] withdrawal of the volume. With hydropneumatic accumulators and spring accumulators by contrast, the fluid pressure decreases - due to the element applying the load expanding - as the spring characteristic
Double acting cylinder
The cylinders have two line connections that are separate from each other. By feeding the hydraulic fluid through the two connections, the piston can transfer tensile and compressive forces in both stroke
O-ring seal
Circular ring with an almost perfectly round cross section which is mainly used in fluids technology to seal machine parts when at rest ( Figure O 11 ). Its sealing action is achieved through axial or
Ramp
feedback control technology as a test function to determine the transfer behaviour of a system (). In >fluid technology, ramps are primarily integrated in the activation of> proportional valves in order to adapt