Solubility of gas in a hydraulic fluid
Fluids have the characteristic of dissolving certain amounts of gases. In mineral oil this ability increases linearly with pressure up to approx. 300 bar. Dalton's law states: V G = dissolved gas volume [...] volume at the reference pressure V öl = volume of fluid α = Bunsen coefficient for common mineral oils, for air 0.09 and for nitrogen 0.08 p = related absolute pressure p o = reference pressure (atmospheric
Fluid level gauge
Device that measures and displays the liquid level in a tank.
HFD fluids
Water-free, synthetically produced fire-resistant fluids. They rely on the following compounds: Phosphoric ester (HFD R), currently the most widely used HFD fluid; performs worst in terms of fire resistance [...] environmental protection. Mixtures of HFD R and HFD S. Other compositions (HFD U). Common to All HFD fluids is the lack of compatibility with most materials for seals and a high density of 1.15 to 1.4 g/cm3
HFC pressure fluids
Fire-resistant fluids based on a solution of polymers (polyglycols) in water at a ratio of around 60:40. HFC pressure fluids have a viscosity of 30 to 45 mm2/s at 50°C and may be used instead of mineral [...] Sole restriction: roller bearings have a shorter lifetime given the water content of HFC pressure fluids and the working temperature is limited to a range between –20°C and +60°C. The water content must
HFB fluids
Fire-resistant fluids based on "water in oil", i.e. an emulsion of around 40% water in mineral oil. Not used in Germany (although they are in the UK, for example).
High Water Based Fluids (HWBF)
solutions are completely oil-free and more environmentally friendly in general. High Water Based Fluids (HWBF) fluids have the same viscosity as water and may only be used between +5°C and +55°C. They have no [...] Fire-resistant fluids based on water with 2 to 5% concentrate intended to give the water a minimum level of protection against corrosion and wear. Depending on the composition of the concentrate, emulsions [...] each case and the respective user is responsible for mixing the concentrate in. "Thickened water" fluids based on HWBF whereby certain polymers ("water thickeners") are molecularly dispersed in water at
Adhesion property of hydraulic fluids
In order for the hydraulic fluid to deliver sufficient lubricating effect in plain bearings and under seals , it must have sufficient wetting ability. This is generally the case with HLPD oils .
Fluid power systems with main pipe
Within a larger system several loads (drive elements) are supplied by one drive power pack. The fluid power system with main pipe can combine such loads, which do not interact, because e.g. they come in