Pressure difference
Difference between two pressures p 1 and p 2 : If the pressure difference is the measured variable it is called the differential pressure p 1,2 (DIN 24 312).
Pipe screw connections
connections for pipelines and devices. They are manufactured for three pressure stages (LL - very light, L - light, S - heavy). A distinction is made between three different types of design. Screw-in fittings [...] select the outlet direction before the fitting is tightened ( Figure R 29 ). In terms of construction, a distinction is made between ( Figure R 30 ): Cutting ring fittings (a) (DIN 2353, DIN 3861): The pipe [...] Depending on the design, a distinction is made between straight, angular, T-shaped fittings ( Figure R 31 ) and L-shaped and cross-type fittings.
Oil heating
supplied power PH, the period Δt of power supply, the specific heat capacity of the medium c (~1.88 kJ/(kg*K) for Oil, ~4.18 kJ/(kg*K) for water) and the density of the medium ρ. Calculate the oil heating directly
Nominal flow rate
l valves : Flow rate at the nominal value (= 100%) for the input signal and at the nominal value for the valve pressure drop. Usually for servo valves this is 70 bar ( Figure N 4 ) and for proportional [...] l valves 10 bar at two edges. For proportional pressure valves : Flow rate at the nominal value for the input signal and the functional pressure for which the pressure valve is approved (e.g. 10% higher [...] nominal pressure for the system). For switching directional valves : Flow rate causing a pressure drop of 1 bar when it passes through the valve.
Natural frequency of a hydraulic cylinder
The volumes in the displacement chambers are as follows: V A = V AL + A · x and V B = V BL + A (h max — x) where V AL, V BL = oil volume in the pipes between valve and cylinder. Assuming the piston is positioned [...] positioned in the centre and the volumes in the connecting lines are the same, where V o = oil volume at each cylinder side, this would give: The following applies to the differential cylinder (Figure K 6) [...] motor] (Figure K 7) , the weight m is replaced by the mass moment of inertia I . This gives where V 2 = displacement for the motor
Operating system
controls and monitors the execution of the program (EDIN 44 300 Part 4). 2. Term for those parts of the software that must always be present in memory, independent of the current usage of the computer [...] 1. program in a digital computer system that together with the characteristics of the computer system forms the basis for the possible operating modes of the digital computer system and in particular controls
Pressure flow
Flow that is produced in the gap between two chambers with different pressures p 1 and p 2.
Accumulator regulations
(pressure-litre product p · l <200) and which in group III (200 < p · l ≦1 000) is undertaken at the manufacturer. Vessels with a pressure-litre product above 1 000 must be inspected by TÜV at the operating o
Solubility of gas in a hydraulic fluid
dissolved gas volume at the reference pressure V öl = volume of fluid α = Bunsen coefficient for common mineral oils, for air 0.09 and for nitrogen 0.08 p = related absolute pressure p o = reference pressure [...] characterised with this law does not of course always have to be reached. At atmospheric pressure 1 l of oil contains approx. 90 cm3 of air, at 100 bar however as much as 9 l. Attention: As long as gas is dissolved
Hamming distance d
distance of d = 1; single errors producing a signal change at just one binary position will cause them to look like another code word (Figure) . A code string with a Hamming distance of d = 2 offers greater [...] , signal processing ; measure of the resilience of a code against transmission errors (literature: R. W. Hamming, Error Detecting and Error Correcting Codes, Bell Syst. Techn. J. 29 (1950)). If two code