Storage volume
the nominal volume V0 of the accumulator, the precharge pressure p0 and the upper accumulator pressure p2 and lower accumulator pressure p1. The adiabatic coefficient κ, which depends on the rate of pressure [...] calculator . The manufacturer's instructions, in particular for the ratios of the pressures p0, p1 and p2 to each other, must be observed. For the pressures above 200 bar, the real gas behavior deviates s [...] influences the usable volume . For slow (iothermal) pressure change, the value κ=1, for fast (adiabatic) pressure change, the value κ=1.4. Calculate the storage volume directly and easily in our hydraulic calculator
Reversing pump
switchover is very smooth, as - unlike the valve control, which controls the full delivery flow - the flow rate is also zero at the moment in which the direction of the movement is changed. The same applies to [...] rotating direction ( Figure R 27 ). Reversing pumps are used in closed circuits, where they allow the rotating direction of the motor to be changed without valve control. At the same time, the switchover
Linearisation
20 ). Of a function : Non-linear functions are tending to be supplanted — particularly for calculations within a specific interval — by linear functions (or even by simple mathematical functions (DIN 19 [...] in ( Figure L 21 ), with the linearisation of a displacement transducer by means of two coils, S1 and S2, in a regenerative circuit. [...] course deviates continuously or intermittently from a straight, line is approached by straight line at a certain operating point. Success depends on what is still permitted in terms of linearity error and
Semiconductor strain gauge
a few tenths of a mm wide a few hundredths of a mm thick applied to a support, which — like the metal strain gauge — is stuck to the body of the sensor (Figure H 3) . The sensitivity to strain of the s [...] semiconductor strain gauge is greater than that of the metal strain gauge by a factor of 25 to 50 — as is the sensitivity to interference, however, which explains why semiconductor strain gauges have failed
Mounting wall
Valve assembly system in hydraulics whereby a mounting area for valves — to which the pipe is screwed from behind — is attached to the drive unit, while the valves are mounted from the front so they are [...] is how the pressure and delivery flow pulsation in the pressure fluid cause higher noise emissions at the wall, not to mention the large amount of space taken up, the extensive pipework and the many areas
Directional valve
Fluid valve with binary behaviour, i.e. it moves from one switching position to another (e.g. Open – Closed) without adopting an intermediate position.
Micro-emulsion
droplets. Micro-emulsions are associated with a far higher degree of dispersion — even reaching the colloid dispersion range — than commercially available macro-emulsions. Micro-emulsions may only be used
Power section
the control of hydraulic systems is concerned, a distinction must be made — since the term " control " is rather a general one — between control in the signal range and control in the power section. The
Circulation losses in hydraulic systems
used for this ( b ), with the full flow rate always circulated - even in the case of variable pumps if they do not have p/Q feedback control - which is not always without losses, as in addition to the internal [...] operation, hydraulic systems normally need the pump to continue running even if its flow rate is not needed at that time, e.g. in the loading phase of a working cycle. The pump is then switched to circulation,
Frictional pressure
The differential pressure required to move a piston without an external load – i.e. to overcome the friction Differential pressure under defined conditions in the cylinder chamber.