Flow force
A flowing fluid exerts flow forces in the case of changes to the speed and/or direction, which are particularly noticeable on the control pistons (control spools) of directional valves . They increase
Wear protection capacity
Reflects the ability of a hydraulic fluid to reduce mechanical wear on moving parts of a hydraulic system which it comes into contact with. To improve the wear protection capacity, wear protection agents
Viscosity index (VI)
Characterises the Viscosity/temperature characteristic of a fluid. The smaller the change in viscosity with respect to temperature, the higher the VI (CETOP RP 100). The VI is mathematically calculated
Volumetric losses
components by mating surfaces and rods. There are still leakage paths, through which the pressure fluid can flow. The external leaked oil flow Q Le for pumps and motors flows out of the pressurised chambers [...] rotational speed or velocity. Compression losses are caused by the compressibility of the hydraulic fluid. In the case of hydraulic fluids, the volumetric losses are described by the volumetric efficiency
Separate circuit hydraulic
elements, if malfunctions are to be expected due to mutual interaction. Other hydraulic systems: fluid power systems with main pipe , centralised hydraulic oil supply , single circuit system .
Clogging behaviour of orifices
Orifices have different tendencies to accumulate contaminations in the pressure fluid . This changes the flow characteristics, and the orifice may become completely clogged under certain circumstances
Neutralisation number
as a good indicator (in terms of a measure) for the degree of ageing associated with a hydraulic fluid .
Internally piloted valves
For the control movements of a pilot-controlled valve the necessary pressure fluid is drawn from the same circuit. For this reason a separate control oil circuit is not necessary. As a rule, however, the
Acoustic decoupling measures
to downstream components that are capable of oscillating (passive sound generators, e.g. hydraulic fluid containers). They constitute a key component of secondary measures for reducing noise. A distinction
Readily biodegradable fluids (hydraulic oils)
freedom from hazardous substances are important criteria for the environmental aspects of a hydraulic fluid.