Hydro-mechanical system
Interaction between mechanical actuations and hydraulic amplification (e.g. pump adjustment , copying system ).
Hierarchical control circuit
Function unit for a contiguous sub-process that is superordinate to the related individual controls or drive controls, but that is subordinate to the master control (DIN 19 237) (Figure G 26) .
Energy saving in hydraulics
Possibilities for energy saving result from measures to reduce the energy demand and energy loss as well as to recover energy . Specifically these are the following measures (Table E 2) : Design impro
Spherical cone
Pump piston with a spherical piston surface, which contains piston rings for sealing. The piston shaft is lowered ( Figure S 75 ). The spherical piston is used in axial piston machines, in which the c
Pulse code modulation
Process for converting analogue signals to digital signals . Sampling will convert a signal that is continuous over time into a series of impulses. The transfer does not take the form of impulses of d
Kv factor (speed/stroke gain)
Relationship between the respective (actual) velocity V and the following velocity error Δs (= control deviation ) during positioning. Kv is a measure therefore of velocity amplification in the statio
Pilot control
Control on which between the reference variable and output variable in the steady state there is always a unique relationship, provided disturbance variables do not cause any deviation (DIN 19 226).
Switch-on characteristic of a solenoid
Specific time and force required on the actuated valve. The switch-on characteristic is different on DC and AC solenoids . On average the DC solenoid switches a factor of 3 times slower than an AC sol
Pulse valve
Pneumatically or electrically actuated directional valve whereby reversal occurs via a pressure pulse at one side of the valve control spool or a short electrical signal at a solenoid. The valve remai