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Difference between the power supplied and the power delivered ( hydraulic efficiency ). Much of what is lost can be attributed to: volumetric losses : these are caused by incomplete filling of the pum

Friction of seals to be overcome at the start of a movement (Figure H 1) . It is dependent on both the form of the seal (preload) and the seal material and on the service life of the seal: during long

Ability of the devices and switching elements of a control to resist hindrance to its function by interfering signals.

Collective term for pumps and motors which operate in accordance with the laws of hydrostatics (see also hydrostatic displacement machines).

There are three possible options for flow division to supply multiple consumers in a defined ratio from one pump: The most commonly used is the flow divider (valve) with two subflows. In the case of m

Variable present at the controller input. To distinguish it from the control variable it is given a subscript R. The controller input variable is rarely identical to the control variable x. In general

1. Providing the air is dissolved in the oil, it will not affect its characteristics. 2. Undissolved air, i.e. bubbles, cause the following: signs of corrosion on pumps and controls, increased compres

Perceivable and measurable change in frequency during the propagation of waves caused by the relative motion between the source and observer. Four different cases must be taken into account for the ca

Expresses the related variable for the information to be displayed as the sum of smallest units e defined for the system ( digitising ).

Measured variable for the pressure difference between p 1 and p 2 . The differential pressure can be positive or negative, depending on whether p 1 is greater than p 2 or smaller than p 2 (Figure D 23