Annular area
Surface area of the piston Ap minus the surface area of the piston rod Ar St: When performing an accurate force measurement of a hydraulic cylinder with a dual effect and a piston rod on one side ( di
Working positions
Positions for the moving parts of a hydraulic unit that define its operating function. The working positions during switching processes are the switching positions , for continuous change on the other
Reversal error
In general : Change of the input signal that is necessary to generate a measurable change in the output variable, if the input signal is changed from a static point in the same direction in which the
Series-production cylinder
Cylinders, which do not meet the standards or not all of the standards ( standard cylinders ) but are offered by their manufacturers as standard. The deviations apply mainly to pressures and the pisto
Program
A complete instruction for solving a task, together will all the necessary agreements. For controls : All the various instructions and agreements for signal processing which will influence a system (p
Slow speed high torque motor
Hydraulic motor designed to run smoothly at very low rotation speeds without any need for transmission. The term slow speed high torque motor is not strictly defined, but it is restricted to a rotatio
Synchronizing cylinder
Double-acting cylinder with two piston rods. The velocity is the same in both directions if both piston rods are the same thickness and the same flow rate acts on both piston areas. ( Hydraulic cylind
Cylinder efficiency
Ratio of the mechanical output power P a to the fluid input power P e: It is comprised of the volumetric efficiency η 2vol, which is 100% in the case of non-leaking seals : and the hydromechanical eff
Feed-forward control
Process to minimise the influence of interference in The correcting variable is subjected to a disturbance variable which compensates for interference present in the controlled subsystem by estimating
Switching position
Working positions of a valve that are used in the case of a switching process and have a binary character, i.e. they are only "open" or "closed" based on their actuation (" black-white valves ").