Pressure loss in lines (laminar)
The pressure loss Δp in a laminar (Re < 2300) flow, straight pipe is calculated from the length lp and the diameter dp of the line as well as from the density ρ and the speed of the fluid vf. Calculat
Hand pump
Hydraulic pump — mostly with a single piston — for manual operation. It is single-acting in most cases, i.e. priming occurs during the first section of the cycle and delivery during the second. With d
Meter out control
Hydraulic speed control during which the hydraulic fluid flowing out of the actuator is throttled, e.g. by a flow valve in the return pipe.
Pressure valve
As an independent valve : Pressure control valves are used to control or limit the system pressure in a plant or to switch in response to a signal pressure. Depending on the design a differentiation i
Clogging behaviour of orifices
Orifices have different tendencies to accumulate contaminations in the pressure fluid . This changes the flow characteristics, and the orifice may become completely clogged under certain circumstances
Valve-controlled pumps
Piston pumps, in which the flow rate is pressure-controlled by suction and pressure valves . Here the suction valve opens when facing a weak spring force as soon as the returning piston creates negati
Safety valve
A safety valve is a fitting, which, by automatically opening, prevents the system from surpassing a predefined overpressure and is intended to automatically close again after a drop in pressure. The r
Pump control
Measure of speed control, in which the variable pumps are used, which only deliver as much hydraulic fluid as required in the circuit. This keeps the power loss smaller than the control with throttle
Power limiting
Adjustment equipment for hydraulic pumps which, for a drive with constant rotation speed (e.g. electric motor), restricts the power P as a product of the flow rate Q and pressure p to a maximum value,