Pour point
Temperature at which the mineral oil still just flows under defined test conditions. It is somewhere between 6 and 8°C above the pour point . The pour point cannot be used to assess the characteristic
Closed loop structure
Basic structure whereby interactions take place within a kind of circle. This is the structure for resulting from the feedback of controlled variables required in this context ( Figure K 38 ).
Class of accuracy
Devices (e.g. measuring instrument or measuring devices ) on which the error and also the effects in defined test conditions are within defined limits; they can have a class identifier that mostly cor
Two-position valve
Valve with two switching positions. In the case of the directional valves these are 2/2, 3/2 and 4/2 directional valves.
Bernoulli’s equation
Law for hydraulics. Equation defined by Daniel Bernoulli (1700—1782) in 1738 for the steady-state flow of incompressible fluids and gasses free of friction. Bernoulli’s equation is a fundamental law d
Damping pressure
Pressure that is produced during the damping process in cylinders and that must absorb the masses moved (as a rule piston + load).
Operating loads
Loads on a system or parts of a system result from the operating conditions .
Back ring
Ring made of a particularly wear-resistant elastomer or thermoplastic that is applied to the side of a seal away from the pressure to prevent the seal material wandering into the clearance gap under p