Incremental encoder
Adding together of increments (e.g. based on distances of 0.01 mm) in a counter outside of the actual measuring device . Increments are delivered in the form of electrical pulses and are added together
Hydraulic half bridges
used to control the movement of hydraulic motors and cylinders ( control with throttle ), this is based on the principle of connecting pressure dividers (similar to electrical voltage dividers). A flow [...] flow rate Q A and a pressure p A will apply between two hydraulic resistances connected in series, based on the two resistance values and the load at the output. These circuit arrangements are referred to
Damping network
Dynamic stabilisation method for oscillations based on the removal of energy by throttling, leakage (bypass) or also friction with the special feature that it can only be activated if oscillations occur
Flow diagram
detailed tasks are to be undertaken (Figure F 26) . The task formulation on which the diagram is based (Figure F 25) is the same as for the function diagram and the function chart .
Inductive pressure sensors
coil is connected to a diaphragm whose deflection it measures (Figure I 6) . 2. Pointer instrument based on a normal pressure gauge whereby the movement of the bourdon tube is picked up inductively. An
Vertical column pressure gauge
Pressure gauge that operates based on the principle of the comparison of a pressure with the barometric pressure of a column of fluid (Figure F 23) . They are only suitable for measuring low pressures
Piezoresistive effect
particularly pronounced with semiconductor metals, which explains why semiconductor strain gauges are based on these. The size of the piezoresistive effect depends on the Si crystals involved (type, density
Position measurement by potentiometer
Position measurement by potentiometer is based on changes in the resistance in an electrical conductor as a function of its length ( Figure P 14 ). These days, position measurement by potentiometer is
Actuated time
cycle in %. The ratio of load to relief time is termed the actuated time in %. The actuated time is based on a maximum duration of operation of 10 min. The ratio of switch-on time to duration of operation
Propagation of error
function of one or more measured values , then the error on the measured result can be determined based on the law of error propagation . It describes the propagation of the measurement uncertainty in the