Delivery flow pulsation
pistons!) If the delivery flow pulsation is not damped (e.g. by an accumulator or a piece of hose), it can become apparent at the actuator in the form of discontinuous movement. In addition, it causes in the
Time constant
value (Figure Z 3). The term time constant is –– not completely correctly –– used if systems (e.g. ) can be assumed to be 1st order systems (e.g. if the natural frequency is somewhat dampened and the valve
Cascaded (multi loop) control system
control system, each controller acts independently and has its own summation point. This means it can be optimised for its own purposes. A major area of application for cascaded (multi loop) control systems
Natural frequency fo
times higher) than the natural frequency for the hydraulic actuator to ensure the system as a whole can deliver good dynamic performance.
Two edge control
actuator with two displacement chambers by two hydraulic half bridges , in which only one resistance can be controlled (combination of type B + C half bridges). A common application is the control of an actuator [...] (outlet) or in the case of opposite directions of movement P B (inlet ) and A T (outlet) are active. This can be interpreted on one type C half bridge in the inlet and a type B half bridge in the outlet. In the
Diagnostic systems
programs can be very high (up to 100 % of the control program). It is nevertheless worthwhile if the value of increased availability and reliability is valued highly enough. This effort can however be
Control
the influence of disturbance variables on the actual state ( Figure S 89 ). In contrast to , control can be used as a collective term in regard to the functional workflow of a complex process. Logically, [...] controlled arrangement ( process-dependent workflow control). In practical applications, the term control can have multiple meanings: It is not only used for the process of controlling, but also for all of the
Particle size
(core sand, welding particles, chips) and not properly removed prior to assembly. Particle sizes can vary greatly and their distribution – in terms of quantity – is not very even either ( Figure P 4 ) [...] ), into contamination classes or cleanliness grades . It is important to remember that the filter can only ever retain a fraction of the wide range of solid particles present. Most damage is caused by
Initial pressure difference ΔpA of filters
addition information on the dirt holding capacity of a filter is necessary, as a filter with a low ΔpA can clog quicker than a filter with a higher ΔpA (see filter life ).
Response sensitivity
(Figure A 21). The parameter is stated in mA or in % of the nominal current (DIN 24 311). The term can best be explained using digital technology: A five-stage digital valve has 25—1 = 31 steps between