Pressure flow
Flow that is produced in the gap between two chambers with different pressures p 1 and p 2.
Operating system
controls and monitors the execution of the program (EDIN 44 300 Part 4). 2. Term for those parts of the software that must always be present in memory, independent of the current usage of the computer [...] 1. program in a digital computer system that together with the characteristics of the computer system forms the basis for the possible operating modes of the digital computer system and in particular controls
Natural frequency of a hydraulic cylinder
The volumes in the displacement chambers are as follows: V A = V AL + A · x and V B = V BL + A (h max — x) where V AL, V BL = oil volume in the pipes between valve and cylinder. Assuming the piston is positioned [...] positioned in the centre and the volumes in the connecting lines are the same, where V o = oil volume at each cylinder side, this would give: The following applies to the differential cylinder (Figure K 6) [...] motor] (Figure K 7) , the weight m is replaced by the mass moment of inertia I . This gives where V 2 = displacement for the motor V o = dead volume for one side
Accumulator regulations
(pressure-litre product p · l <200) and which in group III (200 < p · l ≦1 000) is undertaken at the manufacturer. Vessels with a pressure-litre product above 1 000 must be inspected by TÜV at the operating o
Solubility of gas in a hydraulic fluid
dissolved gas volume at the reference pressure V öl = volume of fluid α = Bunsen coefficient for common mineral oils, for air 0.09 and for nitrogen 0.08 p = related absolute pressure p o = reference pressure [...] characterised with this law does not of course always have to be reached. At atmospheric pressure 1 l of oil contains approx. 90 cm3 of air, at 100 bar however as much as 9 l. Attention: As long as gas is dissolved
Hamming distance d
distance of d = 1; single errors producing a signal change at just one binary position will cause them to look like another code word (Figure) . A code string with a Hamming distance of d = 2 offers greater [...] , signal processing ; measure of the resilience of a code against transmission errors (literature: R. W. Hamming, Error Detecting and Error Correcting Codes, Bell Syst. Techn. J. 29 (1950)). If two code
Throttle valve
on the pressure difference at the throttle: the smaller the pressure difference Δp between the (constant) inlet pressure p 1 and the (variable) outlet pressure (load pressure) p L, the lower the flow. With [...] constant flow rate. It is only in the case of a constant pressure drop (at constant oil viscosity) that a constant flow rate is created at a throttle. As a result, load-independent flow cannot be achieved with [...] the circuit via the system's pressure-limiting valve. As this valve is set to the nominal pressure p N, there are relatively high power losses (see control with throttle ). Figure D 49: Pressure-velocity
Dynamic pressure principle for flow rate measurement
g. a Prandtl tube ( Figure S 78 ). This is then used to measure the static pressure p 1 and the dynamic pressure p 2 and thereby calculate the flow rate from the
Transmission pressure
influence of a transmission ratio before the smaller area A 2. It is Ratio of piston areas α α greater than the pressure p 1 acting on the larger area A 1 by the ratio of the piston areas.
Diagnostic systems
setting up diagnostic systems - depending on the emphasis of the task (Table D 1) . Unambiguous diagnostics are often only possible if several measured signals are evaluated at the same time; pre-defined