Indexing ratios when using flow dividers
oil flow is multiplied by the indexing ratio, therefore in practical use, an indexing ratio of up to 4:1 is still reasonable.
Cooling capacity flow
flow rate Q is calculated from the temperature difference at inlet and outlet, the specific heat capacity of the medium c (~1.88 kJ/(kg*K) for Oil, ~4.18 kJ/(kg*K) for water) and the density of the medium
Pressure loss through a fitting
the back pressure coefficient ξ: enum-title straight fitting: 0.5 ankle fitting: 1 90° elbow (r/d=3): 0.2 45° elbow (r/d=3): 0.13 Calculate the pressure loss through a fitting directly and easily in our [...] The pressure drop Δp at a fitting (elbow, ankle fitting etc.) is calculated from the flow Q, the diameter of the orifice d, the density of the media and the back pressure coefficient ξ. The back pressure
Pressure amplifier
2 or F 1 = p 1 * A 1 and F 2 = p 2 *A 2 This surface area ratio also defines at the same time the transmission ratio of the pressure amplifier. It is possible to operate with the same pressure fluid and [...] pressure p 1 of the primary pressure system is brought to a higher pressure p 2 in the secondary system. The pressure boost factor is given by the ratio of the primary and secondary surface areas: F 1 = F 2
Piston rings for sealing
possible to achieve a complete seal with it — not least because of the inevitable impact involved. The seal effect can be improved, however, if the impact occurs at an angle or in stages and by installing
Hydrostatic transmission
t motor , ( primary control ), constant pump variable motor ( secondary control ) or variable pump — variable motor ( primary and secondary control ).
Reynolds number Re
Round smooth pipes 2,200 to 2,300 concentric smooth gaps 1,100 to 1,200 eccentric smooth gaps 1,000 to 1,050 concentric gap with recesses 700 eccentric gap with recesses 400 rotary vanes (spigots) 550 to [...] of Re = 2,300 under ideal conditions with a smooth pipe. In the case of other, more complex cross sections, part of the transition takes place at significantly smaller Reynolds numbers ( Table R 1 ). Round
Pressure loss through an orifice
form of the constriction. Typically, it is between 0.4 and 0.8. for a sharp-edged orifice (l/d < 1,5) is usually assumed as 0.78. Calculate the pressure loss through an orifice directly and easily in our [...] The pressure drop Δp at a constriction is calculated from the flow Q, the diameter d of the orifice, the density of the media and the flow coefficient α. The flow coefficient α is depending on the form
Kv value (of valves)
Flow in m3/h of water at +5 to +30°C passing through a device (valve) in a given direction based on a pressure drop of 1 bar and an upstream pressure of 6 bar. The practical benefits of the Kv value (of [...] with that of water. It also ignores the fact that resistance in both flow directions associated with a 4-way valve can vary greatly (by up to 50%).
Circuit diagram
hydraulic schematic forms the basis of the pipework of the system and –– together with the function diagram — forms the basis of the search for an error. The schematic is designed in accordance with DIN 24 347