Pump direction switching
noticeable pressure losses between the pump and the valve. An integrated pump idle circulation valve which can be connected directly to the pump, ensures a practically pressure-free circulation (Figure 38 b).
Fluid power standards
also provided by CETOP and VDMA, and there are VDI guidelines too. A very comprehensive collection can be found in "O+P Konstruktions-Jahrbuch 1993/1994" [O+P Design Manual 1993/1994] published by Vereinigte
Accumulator charging valve
dropped to a predetermined pressure ( Figure S 67 ). A good accumulator system should ensure the pump can be switched on and off exactly under the preselected pressures, have a small pressure switching difference
Hydraulic capacity C h
hydraulic capacity should be kept as low as possible in the interest of having a stiff drive. This can be achieved by having a low dead volume V o between control and actuator . The hydraulic capacity for
5-chamber valve
ports A, B, P and T. The spring chambers F 1 and F 2 remain outside the control area of the valve and can have a dedicated drain port (Figure F 39) . The design is more complex, but the valve control spool
Self-priming pump
pressure. Supply pumps are used for this, which are used in open or closed circuits (however, here they can be kept significantly smaller than " flushing pumps ").
Closed circuit position control system
slide) to match a setpoint as closely as possible. The negative feedback for the controlled variable can take the form of mechanical or electrical position feedback ( Figure L 4 ). Depending on the dynamic
Filter element
filter that undertakes the actual filtering action. Filter elements are generally designed so they can be replaced easily and are disposed of after use (exception: metal filters). The tissue filter elements
Sealing gap
different pressures. To prevent leakage either the gap must be designed such that no pressure flow can be produced ( gap seal ) or special elements are used, the seals. If it is necessary to seal against
Pressure filter
oil is required, a fine filter is used directly in the control oil circuit. The term pressure filter can also have a broader scope (as per EDIN 24 550). Then it covers every filter with the exception of the