Pressure switching valves
Switch-off valve – internally controlled Enables the oil flow to a further consumer as soon as the pressure at the first consumer has reached a set value (control valve). Switch-off valve – externally controlled
Measured value
and output at the signal output element . It is expressed as a product of a numerical value and the unit for the measured variable. Compared with the correct value for the measured variable — the input [...] input variable for the measuring device — the measured value is associated with errors caused, for example, by an unfavourable arrangement of the sensor or the characteristics of the measuring device. A distinction
Nominal valve sizes
of a nominal size for valves is essentially only a reference value, which - contrary to the previously used "nominal width (NW)" - does not provide any indication of the cross-sections and therefore of the
Storage volume
the nominal volume V0 of the accumulator, the precharge pressure p0 and the upper accumulator pressure p2 and lower accumulator pressure p1. The adiabatic coefficient κ, which depends on the rate of pressure [...] calculator . The manufacturer's instructions, in particular for the ratios of the pressures p0, p1 and p2 to each other, must be observed. For the pressures above 200 bar, the real gas behavior deviates s [...] influences the usable volume . For slow (iothermal) pressure change, the value κ=1, for fast (adiabatic) pressure change, the value κ=1.4. Calculate the storage volume directly and easily in our hydraulic calculator
Flow coefficient αD
resistances with A = geometrically smallest flow cross-section, ρ = density of the pressure fluid p 1 - p 2 = pressure before the pressure resistance minus pressure after the flow resistance. The flow coefficient
Analogue data acquisition
since errors occurring between the measuring position and the comparison position — particularly measuring inaccuracies — will have a real impact on the controlled variable . Given this, the measuring device
Hall effect sensor
conductor, which — duly amplified — produces an output signal (Figure H 5) . Hall effect sensors operate independently of the rate of change and also over quite large distances. Their accuracy is ±0.2% based, for
Reversing pump
switchover is very smooth, as - unlike the valve control, which controls the full delivery flow - the flow rate is also zero at the moment in which the direction of the movement is changed. The same applies to [...] rotating direction ( Figure R 27 ). Reversing pumps are used in closed circuits, where they allow the rotating direction of the motor to be changed without valve control. At the same time, the switchover
Semiconductor strain gauge
a few tenths of a mm wide a few hundredths of a mm thick applied to a support, which — like the metal strain gauge — is stuck to the body of the sensor (Figure H 3) . The sensitivity to strain of the s [...] semiconductor strain gauge is greater than that of the metal strain gauge by a factor of 25 to 50 — as is the sensitivity to interference, however, which explains why semiconductor strain gauges have failed
Linearisation
20 ). Of a function : Non-linear functions are tending to be supplanted — particularly for calculations within a specific interval — by linear functions (or even by simple mathematical functions (DIN 19 [...] in ( Figure L 21 ), with the linearisation of a displacement transducer by means of two coils, S1 and S2, in a regenerative circuit. [...] course deviates continuously or intermittently from a straight, line is approached by straight line at a certain operating point. Success depends on what is still permitted in terms of linearity error and