Inductive pressure sensors
1. "Genuine" inductive pressure sensors operate in accordance with the principle of inductive position measurement whereby the core of the coil is connected to a diaphragm whose deflection it measures [...] measures (Figure I 6) . 2. Pointer instrument based on a normal pressure gauge whereby the movement of the bourdon tube is picked up inductively. An integrated amplifier delivers an impressed direct current as
High speed motors
000 min--1 as the upper rotation speed limit, with the lowest rotation speed determined by the hydraulic-mechanical efficiency factor. In the case of uncontrolled motors, it is between 500 min--1 for gear [...] gear motors and 50 to 100 min--1 in the case of piston motors. It remains identical with hydraulic pumps of the same construction type (gear, vane , piston machines ). Opposite: Slow speed high torque motors
Differential pressure measurement
To measure the differential pressure Δp the two pressures p 1 and p 2 must be separated from each other by diaphragms that are connected by a plunger. The deflection of the two diaphragms then corresponds
Jet contraction
Contraction A ‘1 of a flow rate when entering into a cross-section constriction. It arises when the wall of cross-section A 1 is removed ( Figure S 98 ). The jet contraction becomes smaller as the transition [...] transition from A 3 to A 1 becomes more round. The contraction coefficient ψ is between 0.6 for sharp edges, 0.7 to 0.8 in the case of a slight rounding, and up to 0.99 in the case of large radii.
Damping D
an undamped continuous oscillation and D = 1 an aperiodic oscillation (Figure D 5). For reasons related to control technology, D should be between 0.5 and 1.
Equivalent time constant
abscissa and the Settling time T g as the time defined by the intersections of the inflection tangent with the abscissa and the value in the steady state (Figure E 37) (E DIN 24 311).
Binary
mutually exclusive states, e.g. yes/no, correct/incorrect, on/off, O/ L or 0/1. The binary numerical system has the base 2. With n binary signals it is possible to define 2n states. Therefore, e.g., with
Overlap in valves
length between the allocated control edges ( Figure U 1 ). in rest position, together with the size of the gap, it determines the leakage ( Figure U 2 ). During the switching process, the overlap results [...] nut. When switching, the overlap must first be passed through before a flow rate can flow ( Figure U 1 a ). Negative overlap : The piston is shorter than the ring nut. In rest position, all ports are connected [...] connected (open-centre position), i.e. there is a flow rate even without a switching movement ( Figure U 1 b ). Zero overlap (zero cut) : The control edges of the piston and ring nut meet with a high degree
Speed characteristic of hydraulic motors
rotation speed of a hydraulic motor is defined by the ratio of the flow rate supplied Q 1 to the displacement of the motor V 2: The highest rotation speed is reached on fixed displacement motors at Q 1max and [...] at which the internal friction can still just be overcome. The lowest rotation speed is reached if Q 1 is just greater than the leakage, or if the shaft still just runs evenly due to the relative delivery
Solubility of gas in a hydraulic fluid
mineral oil this ability increases linearly with pressure up to approx. 300 bar. Dalton's law states: V G = dissolved gas volume at the reference pressure V öl = volume of fluid α = Bunsen coefficient for common [...] state characterised with this law does not of course always have to be reached. At atmospheric pressure 1 l of oil contains approx. 90 cm3 of air, at 100 bar however as much as 9 l. Attention: As long as gas