Piston machines
Hydrostatic displacement machines , displacement chamber machines , pump with banked pistons/in-line piston pump
Control characteristic
Transfer function of the subsystem with respect to changes to the correcting variable (DIN 19 226).
Phase delay
The time delay τ between two sine oscillations with the frequency f ( Figure P 7 ):
Switching
Process with the aim of triggering a certain movement (function) by actuating individual valves or controls .
Quad-ring
Toroidal ring made of elastic materials, with an almost square cross-section ( Figure Q 1 ).
Amplifier
In the case of : signal converter with auxiliary energy used to amplify the power (DIN 19 226).
Through piston rod
Piston with piston rod on both sides, mostly of the same size. The term synchronizing cylinder is used.
Pressure flow
Flow that is produced in the gap between two chambers with different pressures p 1 and p 2.
Digital circuitry
Connection together of digital modules with simple or complex functions ( integrated circuits ) to form complete controls.
Rapid traverse
Transport motion with high speed to cover the free travel from the end position to the start of operation.