Filtration efficiency in general
Ability of a filter to retain specific test contamination in a hydraulic fluid with a specified contamination concentration under defined test conditions (CETOP RP 100). As the test method for filtration [...] general the multipass test according to ISO 4572 has become established. However, the results obtained with this test cannot be simply transferred to practice, as in relation to the conditions during the test
Displacement machine (displacement unit)
works according to the reciprocation principle, with the displacement units (generally pistons) performing a linear movement. All displacement machines – with the exception of the screw pumps – can be classified
Impedance Z
inductive element of resistance Impedance is clearly a measure of the resistance (a product of forces) with which structures counter the excitation of oscillations. Because the inductive and capacitive elements [...] is important to distinguish clearly between various forms of impedances, since these are associated with different units: electrical impedance Z mechanical impedance Z m specific impedance Z S acoustic impedance
Pressure alternation process in positive displacement machines
deformation in the force-flow bearing parts; these changes cause mechanical oscillation with an amplitude that increases with the rate of pressure rise, i.e. the structure-borne noise generated as a result becomes
A/D converter
be minimised by a higher resolution : A binary system with 4 bits (24) produces 15 steps and therefore a deviation of 6.6 %, an 8-bit system with its 255 steps only as a 0.5 % deviation (Figure A 16)
Electro-hydraulic linear amplifier
Stepper motor-operated or less frequently DC motor-operated hydraulic cylinder with integrated control unit ( following control valve ) and mechanical feedback via spindle or toothed rack that can be [...] speed (control of rapid traverse and operating speed), while the number of steps define the position. With such electro-hydraulic linear amplifiers position accuracies between 0.002 and 0.01 mm can be achieved
Proportional amplifier
valves without a closed loop position control system (force-controlled proportional solenoid), valves with a closed loop position control system (stroke-controlled proportional solenoid). The main functions [...] Position-controlled valves generally feature the feedback controller and displacement transducer with a cable break monitor ( Figure P 32 ).
Sum power controller
system for double pumps with an equally high flow rate, whose adjustment devices are mechanically or hydraulically coupled and which transport the flows in two different circuits with different pressures.
Velocity control
The velocity control is undertaken by changing the flow rate to the load. For this purpose a control with throttle is used that can remove the flow rate not required out of the circuit via flow valves ( throttle [...] directional valves (proportional, high response proportional or servo valves ). If a pump control with variable pump is used, worse dynamic performance is obtained, however also lower losses.
Rotary transfer joints
machine. Multiway rotary transfer joints : Rotary transfer joints for supplying one or more loads with pressurised oil and outlet oil. Elastomer seals are required for each rotary transfer joint (Figure [...] are subject to continuous maintenance. Hydrostatic rotary transfer joints : Rotary transfer joint with a self-regulating gap seal that permits speeds up to 3,000 rev/min. and more (Figure D 35) . However