Hard-wired controls (VPS)
Fluidlexikon Hard-wired controls (VPS) Control whose program is specified by the type of functional elements and their connections (DIN 19 237). With hard-wired controls, application-specific logical [...] a result of this, changes and expansions to the program require more effort than when using a PLC. VPS can either have a fixed program, i.e. they cannot be changed (e.g. through fixed wire or circuit board [...] plug-in wired connections, diode matrices, punched cards, cross bar distributors, amongst others). VPS has become far less significant in recent years, being replaced by programmable logic controls (PLC)