Power losses
Difference between the power supplied and the power delivered ( hydraulic efficiency ). Much of what is lost can be attributed to: volumetric losses : these are caused by incomplete filling of the pum
Stiction of seals
Friction of seals to be overcome at the start of a movement (Figure H 1) . It is dependent on both the form of the seal (preload) and the seal material and on the service life of the seal: during long
Vane pump
Vane pumps operate according to the Positive displacement principle . The moving vanes, which are guided radially in a rotor and are supported in an eccentric stroke ring (stator), create an increasin
Centralised hydraulics
Centralised hydraulic oil supply .
Technical cybernetics
Deals with the theoretical observation of the dynamic behaviour of technical systems in the broadest sense. For example, as a technical system with a certain dynamic performance, which is highly non-l
Buckling of rams
Slim pressure rods such as thin piston rods may buckle outwards if the compressive force F exceeds a permissible value (Figure K 12) . This value is referred to as the buckling force F K. Cylinders wi
Safety of a system
In general : The term "safety" should only ever be used within the meaning of preventing a risk primarily to people and not within the meaning of the reliability of a system (cf. operating safety). Th
Positioning error
Errors which (may) occur when positioning hydraulic drives. They consist of; the Δs N, errors associated with hysteresis and the reversal error for the continuously adjustable valve (between 0.1% and
Sound in fluid
Sound that propagates in a fluid medium. It can have been, but has not necessarily been generated in the fluid. The propagation velocity for mineral oil in steel pipes is approx. 1,300 m/s.