Piston pressure gauge
by calibrated weights. In order to eliminate friction, a motor is used to rotate the piston (Figure K 17) . Piston pressure gauges are used in laboratories and for calibration purposes.
Volume increase on temperature rise
expansion coefficient βT. For hydraulic oil, the expansion coefficient can be assumed to be 0.7*10-3 1/K. Calculate the volume increase on temperature rise directly and easily in our hydraulic calculator
Cylinder
force F K is created by the influence of the pressure p of the transfer medium on the piston area A K (the most common form of a cylinder): With this approach, forces from just a few N up to 300,000 kN can
Heat balance in hydraulic systems
oil container is primarily involved in this. Depending on the ventilation of the surface A, k = 5.8–11.6 W/m2K can be used if the temperature difference is at least 25°C. This creates a heat balance. If
Piston motor
and is particularly suitable for low rotation speeds at high torque. The power range extends to 25 kW or so at max. rotation speeds of up to around 6000 rpm.
Differential piston
Double-action piston that has a smaller area A R on the rear. Pressure on the piston area A K generates the piston force and pressure on the annular area A R (in (Figure D 21) ) generates a counteracting
Force density
draw conclusions regarding the compactness of various types of drives offering the same power ( Table K 1 ).
Correction of characteristics
and the like. This kind of correction can involve additions, multiplications or substitution (Figure K 9) . It takes place during signal processing and tends to be much more successful using digital rather
Copying valve
these into a distance, proportional to deflection, for the following hydraulic cylinder () ( Figure K 32 ). Copying valves are only rarely used now; they have been supplanted by various forms of NC control
Single or separate drive for machines
its movements overlap with others, has a dedicated pump with a size based on the highest load speed v k required (Figure E 13) . This means that high speeds require correspondingly high power: Here the duration [...] output (speed) is often not relevant for the size of the motor. On the usage of constant pumps with Q k it is a disadvantage that the installed power P max is only required at one operating point (at p max