Manual mode
still predominant is mobile hydraulics . In addition, the term manual mode is also used in connection with DIN 66 257 when, for example, the operator controls an NC machine manually using adjustment elements
Digital/analogue converter
digital input signals into analogue output signals, i.e. into a proportional DC voltage. In conjunction with digitised signal processing provided by microelectronics, D/A converters are required to be able to
Analogue
physical variable is analogous to another physical variable or mathematical variable if it changes with a specific relationship to the first variable. The relationship between these two variables can be
Screen filter
Filter with screen fabric as an active filter element. Screen filters are made for a filtration grade up to a maximum of 25 μm, as the ratio of filter surface to free pore space is too unfavourable below
Rotary pipe joint
must be routed from a stationary part of a machine to a moving (oscillating) part of a machine. Along with oscillating movements, rotary pipe joints can in general also undertake relatively slow rotary movements
Spring assisted sealing elements
sealing elements are used for requirements that cannot be addressed using conventional elastomers. With fluoroplastics they can withstand temperatures from –200°C to +250°C and are resistant to aggressive
Ramp generator
ramps. Its effect is based on the fact that an electrical condenser (C) is charged (and discharged) with a delay ( Figure R 10 ), resulting in a general voltage increase. The charging speed – and therefore
Error tolerance range
6) . The description of the accuracy limits by means of an error tolerance range provides the user with an overview of the limits of the measuring device.
Binary data processors
Systems in which only binary signals are transferred. They can contain, along with discontinuous two-point elements, also continuous elements provided the binary character of the overall system is retained
Feed-forward control
compensates for interference present in the controlled subsystem by estimating the disturbance variable with an observer and connecting it inversely to the feedback controller. Example: Compensation for the