Friction
The resistance that opposes the relative movement of surfaces in contact with one another. Friction is the main cause of the unwanted conversion of mechanical energy into heat and therefore energy losses
Integral hydrostatic transmission
Hydrostatic transmission involving a pump combined with a motor in a block design. In general, stationary forms of hydrostatic transmission are designed as an integral hydrostatic transmission whereby
Programming
Covers the activities associated with devising, coding and testing a computer program (EDIN 19 226, Part 5). In a narrower sense therefore, the word describes the creation of a detailed algorithm in a
Normal pressure
pressure range in hydraulics is referred to as the medium pressure range , although this is associated with higher pressure levels.
Quantisation
variable into a discrete representation. In general, therefore, this means quantising an amplitude, with the amplitude area divided into smaller subsections. The process is known as digitalisation and uses
Driver
Functional element, which converts a low-voltage signal into a signal with a higher power. That applies both to the power section and the signal processing, where a voltage signal is converted into a current
Null range of a proportional spool valve
With proportional spool valves, the overlap/underlap at the individual control edges of the valve (overlap/underlap conditions) determine the flow rate signal characteristic curve ( Figure N 6 ) and the
Buckling of rams
value is referred to as the buckling force F K. Cylinders with a large stroke and/or a thin piston road should undergo further calculations with regard to possible buckling. Euler's formula applies in this [...] horizontal cylinders or those tilted at a considerable angle, since the bending stress associated with the component's own weight is added to the compressive stress in such cases (Figure K 13) .
Swivel motor
made between ( Figure S 41 ): The most simple construction type, which requires the most space, works with toothed rack pistons, which enter into a transversally mounted sprocket ( a ). This construction type [...] motors has the pistons arranged in an axial direction and transfers the torque over steep threads with different designs ( b ). Suitable for pivoting ranges of up to 360°. Rotor swivel motors generate [...] rotating wing to allow hydraulic fluid , which is connected to the drive shaft ( c ). Very compact design with a pivoting angle range up to approximately 310° (in the case of two rotating wings: approx. 110°)
Thermoplastics
temperature resistance from –270° to +260° C. PTFE is used in seals with an elastomer core and in the case of sliding rings and guide rings with filler materials. PA (polyamide, e.g. nylon) has good sliding [...] absorption (swelling). POM (polyacetal, e.g. Delrin) has high mechanical strength, result in parts with a high degree of dimensional accuracy. Material commonly used for back rings, guide rings and scraper