Pressure/flow rate diagram
On continuously adjustable pressure valves : dependency of the pressure on the flow rate with the input signal as a parameter (E DIN 24 311) (Figure D 81) .
Resistor circuits
Another comprehensive term for control with throttle, which includes all types of dosing of flow rates by changing flow resistances, as they are primarily also basic elements of .
Amplitude plot
Graphic representation of the amplitude response . Together with the graphically represented phase-frequency response it forms the frequency characteristic ( Bode diagram ) according to DIN 19 226.
Load sensing system
respective opening cross section for the proportional directional valve. The circuit with the constant pump is associated with higher energy losses since the flow rate which is not required flows away via the [...] pump will provide a standby pressure . A load sensing system with a variable pump will often be subordinate to some form of power limiter with pressure limitation . Structure of load sensing systems Variation [...] p LS is fed back to the inlet pressure compensator or the LS controller for the pump and compared with the system pressure p 1 . The system pressure p 1 is controlled via adjustments reflecting the lo
Nozzle
A nozzle is a local flow resistance with a gradual cross-section constriction (e.g. rounded inlet edge) on which the smallest flow cross-section - unlike on the orifice - is within the geometric cross-section [...] friction are generally no longer negligible. The flow rate through the nozzle is, as on orifices, defined with the aid of Bernoulli's equation. The loses due to fluid friction and the surge losses are taken into
Regenerative circuit
area to the piston area. On differential cylinders with the ratio of piston areas α = 2 the same piston extension and retraction velocity is achieved with the same flow rate in the inlet using the regenerative
AC solenoid
Solenoid , that works with alternating current (Figure W 3). AC solenoids have a shorter switching time than DC solenoids, greater tensile force and a simpler construction design. The disadvantage is that [...] that they work with a high level of wear at underloads. The armature must always travel its full stroke, otherwise the coil will break through. Therefore, there must be no stroke limitation - even when
Compression energy EK
content of a fluid). With fluids, it is almost possible to assume that a constant bulk modulus and isothermal compression apply. The result is as follows: where V K = Compression volume With gases, the compression
Variable pump
Hydraulic pump with a to the pressure, the flow rate or the state variable of an actuator . Servo pump Also known as variable displacement pump. The reason for using a variable pump is to improve the [...] efficiency of a hydraulic system, in particular if the consumer frequently operates with low flow rates. Unlike a constant pump, the variable pump only supplies the necessary flow rate. This means no excess
Pressure-flow rate (p/Q) characteristic
pressure drop assumed at the control edges as well as the magnitude of the opening cross-section and with it the swing on the input signal (Figure D 82) . On pressure valves : Characterises on directly controlled [...] controlled valves the effect of the stiffness of the adjusting spring on the pressure rise with increasing flow rate: the harder the spring, the higher the pressure climbs at Q max. Here pilot-controlled