Closed loop structure
circuits resulting from the feedback of controlled variables required in this context ( Figure K 38 ). Figure K 38: Closed loop structure
Force-time diagram
over time. The force-time diagram is used when deciding the dimensions for the pump ( Figure K 36 ). Figure K 36: Force-time diagram for a press cylinder
Adhesive joint of pipes
widened into a sleeve to ensure there is a long enough area to accommodate the adhesive (Figure K 11) . Figure K 11: Adhesive joint for plastic pipes
Conical piston
conical in shape and is responsible for taking the Cardan-free cylinder drum with it (Figure K 4) . Figure K 4: Conical piston
Piston
cylinder upon which the pressure of the medium acts and thereby generates a compressive force. F K = p 1 · A K — p 2 · A R Since friction occurs during the piston movement (particularly at the seals ), the [...] N). Under the influence of the flow rate entering the cylinder, the piston reaches a velocity of v K as shown below: A distinction is made between single-acting ( plunger pistons ) and double-acting pistons
Piston pressure gauge
friction, a motor is used to rotate the piston (Figure K 17) . Piston pressure gauges are used in laboratories and for calibration purposes. Figure K 17: Piston pressure gauge
Volume reduction on pressure increase
VD when the pressure Δp is increased. The factor is the reciprocal of the Kompressionsmodul K. The value of K can be assumed to be 1400 MPa for a hydraulic fluid. Calculate the volume reduction on pressure
Copying valve
hydraulic cylinder (following controller) ( Figure K 32 ). Copying valves are only rarely used now; they have been supplanted by various forms of NC control. Figure K 32: copying valve
Correction of characteristics
multiplications or substitution (Figure K 9) . It takes place during signal processing and tends to be much more successful using digital rather than analogue means. Figure K 9: Correction of characteristics
Heat dissipation reservoir
heat-emitting area A of the reservoir and the heat transfer coefficient U (~11...15 W/(m²·K) in static air, ~20 W/(m²·K) in moving air). Calculate the heat dissipation of a hydraulic reservoir directly and