Paraffin base oil
aromatic content; they are associated with good lubricating performance and favour high loads during continuous operation. They only cause materials for seals with a low acrylonitrile content (typically
Response value
With analogue measuring procedures the response value is the smallest value for a change in the input variable that, starting from the zero point, causes a clearly identifiable change in the output variable [...] values are different for a step change and a gradually change, it is necessary to state the parameter with the underlying rate of change in the input variable (VDI/VDE 2600).
Lip seal
Design category for seals with a pronounced lip. The main examples are grooved ring seals with one or two lips ( Figure L 23 ), as well as roof-shaped seals and lip seals — although the latter are not
Equivalent time constant
to the intersection of the inflection line with the abscissa and the Settling time T g as the time defined by the intersections of the inflection tangent with the abscissa and the value in the steady state
Standard cylinder
Hydraulic cylinder mass-produced in accordance with the relevant standards. These are the nominal pressures as per ISO 3322, diameter of cylinder bores and piston rods as per DIN ISO 3320, surface ratios [...] 7181. In addition, DIN ISO 4313 sets out a preferred range for piston strokes, although compliance with these is not always possible.
Separate circuit hydraulic
on simple drives and in systems with several drive elements, if malfunctions are to be expected due to mutual interaction. Other hydraulic systems: fluid power systems with main pipe , centralised hydraulic
Adaptive control
tools with the objective of safeguarding and optimising the process. It is characteristic that fluctuations in process variables that cannot be predicted in advance are measured in parallel with the process
Swash plate machine
piston machine ( Axial piston pump or Hydraulic motor ) with a rotating cylinder block in which the piston strokes are caused by a fixed swash plate with a largely adjustable drive angle (max. approx. 18°) [...] open as well as mostly for the closed circuit . Other properties include: robust and easy to maintain with wearing part sets; for kinematic reasons, 18° pivoting angles must not be exceeded; they are particularly
Hydraulic pump
( flow rate ) Various displacement principles such as gear pumps with subcategories, vane pumps with subcategories, piston pumps, with subcategories
Digital signal processing
rate and permits a higher resolution and faster operation with greater processing accuracy and higher immunity to interference, however also with more effort than analogue signal processing . At the same [...] adaptive controllers ). Finally, digital signal transmission also over larger distances is easier than with analogue signals.