Sliding ring seal
increasing contact force at the sealing surface with increasing pressure enable the sliding ring seal to seal even high pressures (200 to 300 bar) with adequate lifetime. [...] of non-elastic materials that are pressed against each other by spring force. One element rotates with the shaft, while the other is mounted in the housing. The sealing takes place at the contact surface
Hydraulic cylinder
load with which it forms a system capable of oscillation ( servo cylinder ). Hydraulic cylinder with piston : The mechanical force is generated by the action of the hydraulic fluid on a piston. With this [...] Cylinder designed to be used with hydraulic fluids at generally higher pressures (of around 100 bar and above). Given the relatively low compressibility of the fluid and the low weight of a piston, hydraulic [...] over 20 m. There are 3 basic designs available: single acting cylinders and double-acting cylinders with 1 or 2 piston rods. There are also numerous special forms. The load for a hydraulic cylinder is based
Orifice
orifice can be determined with the aid of Bernoulli's equation: The simplest orifice is washer with hole of diameter d drilled into it (fixed orifice). However, orifices with a changing cross-section are [...] Local flow resistance with step cross-section constriction in which the ratio between the length l and the diameter d is relatively small (Figure B 18) : The smallest flow cross-section is outside the [...] majority of cases. The most common forms are the needle throttle (Figure B 19 a) (risk of clogging with small opening), the gap throttle (b) (not for small oil flows, resolution poor) and the longitudinal
Contact controls
Controls which link signals with each other using logic by means of contactors and relays — fitted with contacts. These days, contact controls only tend to be used for small-scale controls, i.e. those
Gear pump
is a machine for conveying fluids in accordance with the Positive displacement principle . In principle it consists of three components: a housing with inlet and outlet and two gear wheels. Of these, one
Single or separate drive for machines
Every machine or even every cylinder , provided its movements overlap with others, has a dedicated pump with a size based on the highest load speed v k required (Figure E 13) . This means that high speeds [...] constant pumps with Q k it is a disadvantage that the installed power P max is only required at one operating point (at p max , i.e. at corner power ). If, on the other hand, variable pumps with power controllers
Null bias
66 257). With continuously adjustable valves : Shifting of the zero point as a result of changes in operating or environmental conditions or as a result of some long-term effect associated with the input [...] With machine controls : The option to shift the origin for a coordinate axis in the control to a specified point. The position for the machine zero point remains stored in the control regardless of the [...] The term null bias is understood to mean the correction of a measuring curve so its origin coincides with the origin for the coordinates.
Actual value
Value actually associated with a variable at the time under consideration (DIN 19 226).
Stiffness of actuators
hydraulic motor with a high response proportional valve, the stiffness ("torsional stiffness") is a function of the displacement volume V 2 and the enclosed volume of liquid V 0 on one side: with E ‘ = compression [...] pipelines. In the case of a synchronizing cylinder with a high response proportional valve, the minimum stiffness is located in the middle position of the piston: with V = volume under pressure, A R = annular area [...] – the influence of the ratio of the piston surface area to the annular area: with A K = piston surface area. Cylinders with a large active area and small stroke can be very stiff. In the case of high pressures
Memory circuits
Circuits with the aim of performing a memory action. This is possible in three ways: Memory forms with a lock and dominant activation, i.e. they turn on when both signals for on and off are pending; memory [...] They are chosen to increase safety; Memory that is dominant for the first signal, as is the case with impulse valves . They are used, for example if you want to ensure that after power is lost and returns