5-chamber valve
Directional valve with five annular channels in the housing for ports A, B, P and T. The spring chambers F 1 and F 2 remain outside the control area of the valve and can have a dedicated drain port (F
Annulus volume
The oil volume Va of the annulus side of hydraulic cylinders is calculated from the diameter of the piston dp, the diameter of the rod dr the stroke length s and the number of cylinders ic. Calculate
Gauge protection valve
A device installed in the pipe to a pressure gauge which separates the pressure gauge from the pressure associated with the medium as soon as this exceeds a specified limit.
Time-dependent control signals
Electrical signals which are issued depending on an adjustable time. Timer relays or timer switches are used for this. They are used if the preceding function is to be maintained for a period of time.
Amplifier card
All components required to activate a continuously adjustable valve (not just for amplifiers) are housed on a card (normally with a European format) ( Figure V 19 ). This includes not only control amp
Driver
Functional element, which converts a low-voltage signal into a signal with a higher power. That applies both to the power section and the signal processing, where a voltage signal is converted into a
Temperature measurements in hydraulics
The temperature of the hydraulic fluid in hydraulic systems can be measured either with simple measurement devices (thermometer) or with a measuring device that issues signals to the control unit. The
Flow sounds
High-frequency sounds created if non-stationary flow processes form at throttling points. That is primarily the case where the flow state is determined by the forces of inertia. The associated speed a
Circuit technology
Type of arrangement of electrical or fluid functional elements to achieve certain properties or functions.
Noise measurement
The processes of measuring sound include measuring the noise level p and noise intensity I. The noise measurement serves to determine the noise power of devices (noise emissions) on the one hand and t